随着企业数据上云，库密数据的值查安全隐私保护面临越来越严重的挑战。密态数据库将解决数据整个生命周期中的询概隐私保护问题，涵盖网络传输、操作数据存储以及数据运行态;更进一步，数据述及密态数据库可以实现云化场景下的库密数据隐私权限分离，即实现数据拥有者和实际数据管理者的值查数据读取能力分离。密态等值查询将优先解决密文数据的询概等值类查询问题。密态等值查询目前支持客户端工具 gsql 和 JDBC。操作接下来分别介绍如何使用客户端工具执行密态等值查询的数据述及相关操作。
以操作系统用户 omm 登录主节点。值查
执行以下命令打开密态开关，询概连接密态数据库。操作
复制gsql -p PORT postgres -r -C1.这里，PORT需要替换为实际值。
创建客户端主密钥 CMK 和列加密密钥 CEK。
复制--创建客户端加密主密钥(CMK)
openGauss=# CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY ImgCMK1 WITH (KEY_STORE = localkms, KEY_PATH = "key_path_value1", ALGORITHM = RSA_2048);
openGauss=# CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY ImgCMK WITH (KEY_STORE = localkms, KEY_PATH = "key_path_value2", ALGORITHM = RSA_2048);
openGauss=# CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY ImgCEK1 WITH VALUES (CLIENT_MASTER_KEY = ImgCMK1, ALGORITHM = AEAD_AES_256_CBC_HMAC_SHA256);
CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEYopenGauss=# CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY ImgCEK WITH VALUES (CLIENT_MASTER_KEY = ImgCMK, ALGORITHM = AEAD_AES_256_CBC_HMAC_SHA256);
CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY1.2.3.4.5.6.7.查询存储密钥信息的云南idc服务商系统表结果如下：
复制openGauss=# SELECT * FROM gs_client_global_keys;
global_key_name | key_namespace | key_owner | key_acl | create_date-----------------+---------------+-----------+---------+---------------------------- imgcmk1 | 2200 | 10 | | 2021-04-21 11:04:00.656617 imgcmk | 2200 | 10 | | 2021-04-21 11:04:05.389746(2 rows)
openGauss=# SELECT column_key_name,column_key_distributed_id ,global_key_id,key_owner FROM gs_column_keys;
column_key_name | column_key_distributed_id | global_key_id | key_owner-----------------+---------------------------+---------------+----------- imgcek1 | 760411027 | 16392 | 10 imgcek | 3618369306 | 16398 | 10(2 rows)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.创建加密表：
复制openGauss=# CREATE TABLE creditcard_info (id_number int, name text encrypted with (column_encryption_key = ImgCEK, encryption_type = DETERMINISTIC),
credit_card varchar(19) encrypted with (column_encryption_key = ImgCEK1, encryption_type = DETERMINISTIC));
NOTICE: The DISTRIBUTE BY clause is not specified. Using id_number as the distribution column by default.
HINT: Please use DISTRIBUTE BY clause to specify suitable data distribution column.
CREATE TABLE1.2.3.4.5.查询表的详细信息如下，Modifiers 值为 encrypted 则表示该列是加密列。
复制openGauss=# \d creditcard_info Table "public.creditcard_info" Column | Type | Modifiers-------------+-------------------+------------ id_number | integer | name | text | encrypted credit_card | character varying | encrypted1.2.3.4.5.6.7.向加密表插入数据并进行等值查询。
复制openGauss=# INSERT INTO creditcard_info VALUES (1,joe,6217986500001288393);
INSERT 0 1openGauss=# INSERT INTO creditcard_info VALUES (2, joy,6219985678349800033);
INSERT 0 1openGauss=# select * from creditcard_info where name = joe;
id_number | name | credit_card-----------+------+--------------------- 1 | joe | 6217986500001288393(1 row)
注意：使用非密态客户端查看该加密表数据时是密文openGauss=# select id_number,name from creditcard_info;
id_number | name-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | \x011aefabd754ded0a536a96664790622487c4d366d313aecd5839e410a46d29cba96a60e4831000000ee79056a114c9a6c041bb552b78052e912a8b730609142074c63791abebd0d38 2 | \x011aefabd76853108eb406c0f90e7c773b71648fa6e2b8028cf634b49aec65b4fcfb376f3531000000f7471c8686682de215d09aa87113f6fb03884be2031ef4dd967afc6f7901646b(2 rows)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.（可选）对加密表进行 alter 和 update 操作。
复制openGauss=# ALTER TABLE creditcard_info ADD COLUMN age int ENCRYPTED WITH (COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_KEY = ImgCEK, ENCRYPTION_TYPE = DETERMINISTIC);
ALTER TABLEopenGauss=# \d creditcard_info Table "public.creditcard_info" Column | Type | Modifiers-------------+-------------------+------------ id_number | integer | name | text | encrypted credit_card | character varying | encrypted age | integer | encryptedopenGauss=# ALTER TABLE creditcard_info DROP COLUMN age;
ALTER TABLEopenGauss=# update creditcard_info set credit_card = 80000000011111111 where name = joy;
UPDATE 1openGauss=# select * from creditcard_info where name = joy;
id_number | name | credit_card-----------+------+------------------- 2 | joy | 80000000011111111(1 row)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.连接密态数据库需要使用驱动包 gsjdbc4.jar，具体 JDBC 连接参数参考基于 JDBC 开发章节介绍。JDBC 支持密态数据库相关操作，需要设置
enable_ce=1，示例如下：
复制public static Connection getConnect(String username, String passwd)
{
//驱动类。 String driver = "org.postgresql.Driver";
//数据库连接描述符。 String sourceURL = "jdbc:postgresql://10.10.0.13:8000/postgres?enable_ce=1";
Connection conn = null;
try{
//加载驱动。 Class.forName(driver);
}
catch( Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
try{
//创建连接。 conn = DriverManager.getConnection(sourceURL, username, passwd);
System.out.println("Connection succeed!");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
return conn;
};1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.说明：
【建议】使用 JDBC 操作密态数据库时，一个数据库连接对象对应一个线程，否则，不同线程变更可能导致冲突。【建议】使用 JDBC 操作密态数据库时，不同 connection 对密态配置数据有变更，由客户端调用 isvalid 方法保证连接
能够持有变更后的密态配置数据，此时需要保证参数 refreshClientEncryption 为 1 （默认值为 1），b2b信息网在单客户端操作密态数据场景下，refreshClientEncryption 参数可以设置为 0。调用 isValid 方法刷新缓存示例 复制// 创建客户端主密钥Connection conn1 = DriverManager.getConnection("url","user","password");
// conn1通过调用isValid刷新缓存try{
if (!conn1.getConnection().isValid(60)) {
conn1.getFileWriter().writeLine("isValid Failed for connection 1");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
conn1.getFileWriter().writeLine("isValid Failed with error");
e.printStackTrace();
}1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12. 执行密态等值查询相关的创建密钥语句 复制// 创建客户端主密钥Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("url","user","password");
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
int rc = stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY ImgCMK1 WITH ( KEY_STORE = gs_ktool, KEY_PATH = \"gs_ktool/1\", ALGORITHM = AES_256_CBC;");
int rc = stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY ImgCMK1 WITH ( KEY_STORE = localkms, KEY_PATH = \"key_path_value\" , ALGORITHM = RSA_2048);1.2.3.4.5.说明： 创建密钥之前需要使用 gs_ktool 工具提前生成密钥，才能创建 CMK 成功。
复制// 创建列加密密钥int rc2 = stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY ImgCEK1 WITH VALUES (CLIENT_MASTER_KEY = ImgCMK1, ALGORITHM = AEAD_AES_256_CBC_HMAC_SHA256);");1.2. 执行密态等值查询相关的创建加密表的语句 复制int rc3 = stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE TABLE creditcard_info (id_number int, name varchar(50) encrypted with (column_encryption_key = ImgCEK1, encryption_type = DETERMINISTIC),credit_card varchar(19) encrypted with (column_encryption_key = ImgCEK1, encryption_type = DETERMINISTIC));");
// 插入数据int rc4 = stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO creditcard_info VALUES (1,joe,6217986500001288393);");
// 查询加密表ResultSet rs = null;
rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from creditcard_info where name = joe;");
// 关闭语句对象stmt.close();1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8. 执行加密表的预编译 SQL 语句 复制// 调用Connection的prepareStatement方法创建预编译语句对象。PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO creditcard_info VALUES (?, ?, ?);");
// 调用PreparedStatement的setShort设置参数。pstmt.setInt(1, 2);
pstmt.setString(2, "joy");
pstmt.setString(3, "6219985678349800033");
// 调用PreparedStatement的executeUpdate方法执行预编译SQL语句。int rowcount = pstmt.executeUpdate();
// 调用PreparedStatement的close方法关闭预编译语句对象。pstmt.close();1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10. 执行加密表的批处理操作 复制// 调用Connection的prepareStatement方法创建预编译语句对象。Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("url","user","password");
PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO batch_table (id, name, address) VALUES (?,?,?)");
// 针对每条数据都要调用setShort设置参数，以及调用addBatch确认该条设置完毕。int loopCount = 20;
for (int i = 1; i < loopCount + 1; ++i) {
statemnet.setInt(1, i);
statemnet.setString(2, "Name " + i);
statemnet.setString(3, "Address " + i);
// Add row to the batch. statemnet.addBatch();
}
// 调用PreparedStatement的executeBatch方法执行批处理。int[] rowcount = pstmt.executeBatch();
// 调用PreparedStatement的close方法关闭预编译语句对象。企商汇pstmt.close();1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.
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